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When a user browses a beautiful website, they often appreciate how it looks and feels. But, the foundation of web development lies in the backend work. The backend should work in sync with the frontend for the web application to work in harmony. And, because of its significance and complex nature, the backend developers play an important role in the agency/company. Therefore, they are also almost always in demand.
The backend programming can be split as functional or object-oriented (OOP). The OOP primarily focuses on creating, and how the backend developer should make the programming statements in a particular manner. Popular OOP languages are .NET, Java, and Python. The functional technique is more "action" based. It used declarative language, meaning the programming statements are flexible and can be executed in any order. It is usually used for data science, and popular languages include SQL, R, and F#. Languages are most dynamically typed or statically typed. The former is very flexible and provides room for variables that can lead to unexpected errors. In comparison, the latter is very rigid and has minimum room for making errors.
Let's take a look at these languages in detail.
Java: There's a reason why Java is the most popular programming language. It is versatile and has been in use by developers for more than 20 years. The reason why Java has been robust is because of the Java Virtual Machine. It acts as a middle man where one can run the code irrespective of any computer. Java is not exactly beginner-friendly like Python as it is lengthy and needs more code. But, once the developer picks up the language, he/she can use it for website development, Android application development, networking, GUI-based programs, and image processing. Some popular companies that use Java in their backend development include Airbnb, Uber, Groupon, eBay, Evernote, Fitbit, and HubSpot.
PHP: Did you know that PHP powers 78.2% of websites' server-side programming. The language was found in 1995 to build a dynamic website. But, it also proved to be a disadvantage because the same set of codes cannot be used for different things because the meaning changes drastically. This makes scaling tough and sometimes is slower. But, on the other hand, PHP is perfect for people who are just starting. There is scope to make errors and errors, and there are many resources available to learn, people available to support, and easy to set up as well. With PHP, the developer can collect form data, generate dynamic page content, send and receive cookies, and write desktop applications. Some of the companies that use PHP are Facebook, Hootsuite, Viber, Buffer, Docusign, and Lyft.
.NET (C#, VB): It is a Microsoft product, and this web application framework is used for building websites using languages like F#, C#, and Visual Basic (VB), among others. It was made open-source in 2016 and can be integrated with iOS, Linux, and Android. The code is very reliable and stable, making it a popular choice for businesses. Also, since Microsoft backs it, there's a lot of support available. With .NET, you can create mobile apps, build desktop applications, work with Big Data, build games, web applications, etc. Some of the companies that use this language are Stack Overflow, DocPlanner, and Starbucks.
Ruby on Rails: It is an exclusive web development language built on top of the Ruby programming language. It comprises certain tools which will allow you to create basic tasks. For example, a developer can create a basic blog with one line of code. It also enables developers to create and launch applications fairly quickly, create prototypes, automate repetitive tasks, etc. Some of the companies that use Ruby on Rails are Airbnb, TaskRabbit, Kickstarter, RapGenius, and Scribd.
Python: It is a rapidly growing programming language and used in desktop and web development. Like Java, there are plenty of tutorials and guides online, making it easy for beginners to learn and adapt. The syntax is fairly simple and easy to understand when compared to other languages. Some have even lauded it as elegant, readable, and beautiful. With Python, the developer can cross-platform shell scripting, simple web development, and quick automation. Some companies that use Python are Uber, Pinterest, Mozilla, Quora, and Asana.
SQL: Structured Query Language known as SQL is the most common query language used to interact with databases. Another one is great for beginners and is a declarative language. It is used to access, manipulate, and create databases. A variety of people can benefit from this language, including financial analysts, data-driven marketers, or online entrepreneurs. The use of this language is very widespread, and any enterprise or company that has a database will probably use this language.
JavaScript: This should be confused with Java and can be used for both the front end and back end. It is another language for beginners, but it has some level of setup involved. Once it is set up, you can type code in your browser. There are some downsides to this language, such as being slow, maintenance issues, and issues with scaling similar to other dynamically typed languages. However, the language is also widespread, and the community is large, making resources and employment opportunities available. JavaScript can be used in building websites, mobile apps, games, web servers, presentations, desktop applications, presentations, and more. Some of the companies that use JavaScript are eBay, Hotel Tonight, Asana, and Square.
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Hire and pay talent globally, the hassle-free way with Skuad
Talk to an expertThe entry-level backend developer will be starting at $61,000 and get up to $74,000 in a couple of years. Between 5 years to 9 years, the backend developer salary increases between $90,000 and $131,000. After a couple of years as a backend developer, he/she has to branch out as solutions architect or information technology director, where the salary rise would be around $174,000 on average.
Another crucial factor in deciding the salary of backend developers is their location. For example, San Francisco offers a 28% higher salary than the other stations. People can expect higher salaries in Chicago and Boston as well.
Some of the benefits you can get include stock options, parental leave, 401k, paid sick leave, health insurance, and paid vacations. And, since the world is moving towards remote working, you will get an option to work remotely and its benefits.
And, the salary will keep increasing as the responsibilities get higher, so it is important to keep yourself updated about the skills.
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